#HRCelections2025: Ask your questions to the candidate States for the Human Rights Council!

This year, 14 countries are candidates for election to the UN's main human rights body. All countries must improve their records. Join our campaign for the Human Rights Council elections!

For many victims and activists, the Human Rights Council is a vital platform for denouncing abuses of power and achieving progress in their countries. Its success depends on its membership and each Member State’s commitment to promoting and protecting human rights both at home and abroad. Each year, in October, all 193 UN Member States renew nearly one-third of the Human Rights Council seats. In 2025, 14 candidates will run for 14 seats. Therefore, the process is not competitive and can hardly be considered an election.

Who is running this year?

To date, these are the candidates [please note that the list of candidates is subject to change and will be updated as new information becomes available]:

African States: Mauritius, South Africa, Egypt and Angola (4 candidates for 4 seats: closed list)
Asia-Pacific States: Pakistan, Iraq, Vietnam, and India (4 candidates for 4 seats: closed list)
Latin American and Caribbean States: Chile and Ecuador (2 candidates for 2 seats: closed list)
Western European and Other States: Italy and the United Kingdom (2 candidates for 2 seats: closed list)
Central and Eastern European States: Slovenia and Estonia (2 candidates for 2 seats: closed list)

No candidate has a perfect human rights record: all must improve.

Read our scorecards for candidate States!

ISHR has published scorecards for all Human Rights Council candidates for the 2026-2028 term in order to help voting States make their decision at the upcoming election.

What do we want?

We want all candidate States to voluntarily commit to improving the human rights situations both at home and abroad, as well as to enhancing their interaction with the Council.

We also want UN Member States to cast informed votes and vote only for candidates who uphold the highest standards in the promotion and protection of human rights and who cooperate fully with the UN.

We urge all regional groups of UN Member States to nominate more candidates than the number of seats available to ensure competitive elections to the Human Rights Council.

How do we achieve this?

We strengthen the transparency of elections. ISHR publishes scorecards that provide information on candidate States’ record of cooperation and engagement with UN mechanisms. These scorecards help UN Member States cast informed votes.

We are create spaces where civil society and States can interact with candidates about their record and candidacy. On September 4, 2025, ISHR and Amnesty International will host an online Pledging Event where civil society can interact directly and constructively with candidate states by asking them questions. Candidates will also be able to detail the human rights pledges and commitments they made as part of their candidacy.

We engage with States through meetings, letters, and appeals, asking them to base their votes on the Council’s membership criteria and to vote only for candidates who uphold the highest standards in the promotion and protection of human rights and who cooperate fully with the United Nations.

What can you do?

Rewatch our online Pledging Event

Ahead of the Human Rights Council elections, Amnesty International and ISHR organised an online event on 4 September to record candidate State's commitments. This event allowed Council candidates to present their vision and the priorities they will work on if elected. Representatives of Sates and civil society were invited to participate in this event and ask candidate questions about their human rights record and commitments.

Rewatch the event

Check out the questions sent to candidates

On 4 September 2025, ISHR and Amnesty International held a Pledging Event ahead of the elections taking place at the UN General Assembly in October 2025. Civil society submitted questions to be asked to candidate States. Some were read and answered during the event. The rest were sent by email to candidates.

Discover the questions

The elections at a glance

The what, when and how of the 2025 elections!

What is the Human Rights Council?

The Human Rights Council is the main UN body in charge of human rights. At the Human Rights Council, States demonstrate to their peers that they are committed to protecting human rights. Together they discuss and tackle some of the worst human rights crises in the world and, where necessary, hold rights violators to account.

The Council consists of 47 states who represent the five “UN regions”: African States (13 seats), Asia-Pacific States (13 seats), Latin American and Caribbean States (8 seats), Western European and other States (7 seats) and Eastern European States (6 seats).

If you want to know more about the Human Rights Council please check out this video:

How does the election work?

Roughly a third of the members change each year. Elections take place every October in New York.

The members are elected by the 193 states in the General Assembly. Candidates are expected to put forward voluntary pledges and commitments on what they will achieve as members. This should inform the decision of other States to support them in the elections.

Countries are not obliged to vote for all of the candidates. They can still not vote for a candidate country (even in a closed slate). They should vote with reflection, not in haste or in exchange for favours or political influence. They should only vote for the most committed candidates.

The countries elected will serve three-year terms beginning on 1 January 2026.

Who are the candidates to the 2025 Human Rights Council elections?

This year the candidate States are [please note that the list of candidates is subject to change and will be updated as new information becomes available]:

African States: Mauritius, South Africa, Egypt and Angola (4 candidates for 4 seats: closed list)
Asia-Pacific States: Pakistan, Iraq, Vietnam, and India (4 candidates for 4 seats: closed list)
Latin American and Caribbean States: Chile and Ecuador (2 candidates for 2 seats: closed list)
Western European and Other States: Italy and the United Kingdom (2 candidates for 2 seats: closed list)
Central and Eastern European States: Slovenia and Estonia (2 candidates for 2 seats: closed list)

Candidates must be member states of the UN. Through membership of the Council, they commit themselves to “uphold the highest standards in the promotion and protection of human rights,” and to fully cooperate with the Council and its mechanisms.

None of the candidate countries has a perfect human rights record: all need to do better and can do so by working with civil society, including by developing time-bound pledges and commitments on what they propose to achieve.

ISHR has published scorecards for States seeking election to the UN Human Rights Council for 2026-2028 to help inform voting States’ decisions in the upcoming election. The scorecards offer a quick ‘at-a-glance’ objective comparison of the human rights record of each candidate through criteria such as focusing on their cooperation with human rights bodies such as the Council, their support for civil society, their engagement with UN Treaty Bodies and Special Procedures, among others.

What does ISHR want?

We want all candidates to commit to improve their human rights records and UN member states to vote only for the candidates that uphold the highest standards in the promotion and protection of human rights and fully cooperate with the UN.

We want elections to be more competitive.

Despite our joint call for competitive elections, only one slate is open this year. It means that in all remaining regional groups, the number of candidate States is equal to the number of available seats. All candidates in these slates will ultimately get elected.

This again demonstrate the importance of having competitive slates. ISHR continues to call on all regional groups going forward to ensure, as a matter of principle, competitive slates; to present more candidacies than the available seats; to encourage more States to present their candidacy; for all candidates to announce their candidacies with sufficient time for voting States and civil society to properly consider their candidacies; and in voting, for all States to commit to making human rights paramount in Council elections, rather than political considerations. All UN regional groups of member States should resist withdrawing candidacies to elections that are competitive.

In the present election, we can still make a difference by influencing the number of votes received by each candidate, which can provide an indication of their legitimacy as a Human Rights Council member.

How can you engage?

Check out the video created by the HRCNet coalition in 2021 which explains the importance of the election and how civil society can participate:

Get in touch with us!

We would gladly explore other opportunities for awareness-raising activities or campaigns. If you'd like to participate, please reach out!

Email us